HTML

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language that means a set of markup tags. HTML document is a text file created using hyper text markup language for structure. HTML 1.0 was the first released version of the html document in 1990. Not many people were involved in the web in the time of creation of html. A company called Netscape was the clear leader in the browser market at the time, with a browser called Netscape Navigator. Around 1995 a HTML working group launched HTML 3 with many new and improved abilities for HTML. The World Wide Web Consortium (abbreviated to the W3C) was founded in 1994 to standardize the language and keep it evolving in the right direction. HTML 4.0 was recommended by the W3C in December 1997 and became the official standard in April 1998. HTML 5.0 is the latest version which is designed for the web, both now and in the future.

Purpose of using HTML

XHTML Rules

There are certain rules of xhtml:

Elements must nest symmetrically
Elements are case sensitive (lowercase)
End tags are required
Attribute values must be contained in quotation marks
Attribute value pairs must be written in full (eg. Checked, checked)

What is W3C and what they do?

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is an international community where a member organization, a full time staffs, and public workers work together to create a certain standard for the web sites. W3C's primary activity is to develop protocols and guidelines that ensure long-term growth for the Web. W3C's standards define key parts of what makes the World Wide Web work. W3C also provides a free service to validating web pages. Although validation is not mandatory on the Web, it is useful for improving the quality of pages. It is always a good idea to validate your code with W3C standard before publishing your work because that makes your work syntactically error free.

An example of HTML document

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>This is a heading</h2>
<p>This is a paragraph</p>
</body>
</html>

Output:

This is a heading

This is a paragraph

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